Cloning

1. Dolly is a sheep, used for cloning purposes.

2. When it divides, it is called an embryo.

3. Somatic cells are also called germ cells.

4. The gene is inserted into plasmid.

5. Nucleus.

6. Mimi (mouse to be cloned), Momi (surrogate mother), Megdo (egg cell donor), sharp pipette, blunt pipette, a chemical to stimulate cell division, petri dishes, and a microscope.

7. Steps for cloning:

a) Isolate all of the donor cells

b) Remove and discard the nucleus from the egg cell

c) Transfer the somatic cell nucleus into the egg cell

d) Stimulate cell division

e) Implant embryo into a surrogate mother

f) Deliver baby

8. When the DNA gets re-programmed, and when the chemical is stimulating the cell division.

9. Color: brown. Name: Mini-Mimi.

10. It's not likely that the kind of DNA would survive for that long.

11. To help infertile couples have children, and to replace deceased children.

12. Sea urchins were cloned in 1885.

13. Spemann fashioned a tiny noose from a strand of baby hair and tightened it between two cells of a salamander embryo until they separated.

14. Enucleation.

15. (a) frog. (b) no.

16. Yes, they can.

17. Their DNA is extremely complex, and can develop differently according to environment.

18. The first two cloned calves were named Fusion and Copy.

19. 1995.

20. Dolly (sheep).

21. Force them to divide.

22. Factor IX.

23. An undifferentiated cell whose daughter cells may differentiate into other types of cells.

24. Very early in her development, each of Rainbow's cells "turned off" one entire X chromosome - and therefore, turned off either the black color gene or the orange one.

25. This means that while genetics can help determine traits, environmental influences have a considerable impact on shaping an individual's physical appearance and personality.

26. (no) Sperm taken from a mole goat is combined with a female's egg in a petri dish. The resulting embryo is implanted into the female's uterus to develop

(yes) A sheep embryo, composed of 16 cells, is removed from the mother's uterus and separated into indivudal cells. Each cell is allowed to multiply, creating 16 separate embryos, which are then implanted in different female sheep to develop to maturity.

(no) A cow with many desirable traits is stimulated with hormones to produce a number of egg cells. Each of these eggs is fertilized and implanted into a surrogate mother.
(no) In vitro fertilization
(yes) Cell nuclei from an extinct woolly mammoth are placed into enucleated cow cells.

27. A process by which egg cells are fertilized by sperm outside the body.

The splitting of young embryos into several sections, each of which develops into an animal.

Somatic cell nuclear transfer is a laboratory technique for creating a clonal embryo, using an ovum with a donor nucleus.

Multiple ovulation embryo transfer- A way to produce an animal of certain genetic qualities faster.

Artificial insemination- The process by which sperm is placed into the reproductive tract of a female for the purpose of impregnating the female.

28. The pregnancy itself could fail.

29. The DNA sequences at both ends of a chromosome.

30. (question: is human cloning playing with nature?) Absolutely! Humans are not meant to be played with in any way! It is a completely unethical science that should not be toyed with. We are meant to live as humans, not fake engineered bodies. As for any other similar types of reproductive technologies, they can be said exactly the same. It is not ethical, it is wrong and it is very disgusting.